‘And he ascended into Heaven’

A message from Bishop David M. O’Connell, C.M., on the Feast of the Ascension

Since 2022, the solemn feast of the Ascension has been celebrated in the dioceses of New Jersey on the weekend of the 7th Sunday of Easter rather than on its traditional Thursday date, 40 days after Easter.  Although some U.S. dioceses have maintained the Thursday placement on the liturgical calendar (Philadelphia, Boston, New York, Hartford and Omaha), the Bishops of New Jersey --- after consultation with some of their pastors --- determined that the change to the 7^th Sunday of Easter fostered greater participation of Catholics at Mass, allowing for more Catholics to reflect on the significance of Christ’s Ascension. Sunday is already a “day of obligation.” 

The feast itself commemorates our belief that the Risen Lord Jesus, gathered with his disciples on Mount Tabor near Jerusalem, ascended body and soul into heaven, returning to his Father. We look to the New Testament to support that belief.
 
 The Acts of the Apostles states: “... as they were looking on, he was lifted up and a cloud took him from their sight” (Acts 1:9).
 
 The Gospel of Mark gives this account: “So then the Lord, after he spoke to them, was taken up into heaven and took his seat at the right hand of God. But they went forth and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the word through accompanying signs” (Mark 16:19-20).
 
 Other references in the New Testament scriptures point to this experience, although less directly. The Gospel of Matthew describes what is called “the Great Commission,” when the Resurrected Jesus instructs his Apostles:

The eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain to which Jesus had ordered them. ... Then Jesus approached and said to them, ‘All power in heaven and earth has been given to me. Go, therefore, and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them all that I commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, until the end of the age’ (Matthew 28:16-20).
In John’s Gospel, after his Resurrection, Jesus makes a curious reference to his Ascension in conversation with Mary Magdalene: “Stop holding on to me, for I have not ascended to my Father” (John 20:17).
 
 That the Risen Lord Jesus “ascended” from the earth to his Heavenly Father is a scripturally based belief and teaching of the Catholic Church following his Resurrection.
 
 Through the centuries, Scripture scholars, Fathers of the Church, including St. Augustine (354-430 AD), and other great theologians have frequently commented on its meaning. Christ’s Resurrection and Ascension, often referred to as his “Exaltation,” are considered foundational events in Jesus’ life on earth and among the greatest mysteries of our Catholic faith. It is also celebrated in other Christian faith traditions and is depicted frequently in Christian art through the ages.

Although the Catholic Church’s belief in the Ascension of the Lord Jesus was present from its earliest days, its liturgical commemoration as a separate feast only gradually appeared on the Church’s calendar since the fourth century. In the Nicene Creed (325 AD) and subsequent professions of faith, the Church proclaims that the Lord Jesus “ascended into heaven and sits at the right hand of the Father.”
 
 As the Easter season draws to a close, we consider the Solemnity of the Ascension – traditionally called “Ascension Thursday” – and what it means to the Catholic community of faith.
 
 It represents the end of the incarnate physical, bodily presence of the Risen Lord Jesus here on earth and his return to the Father. It highlights his universal, eternal, spiritual presence among us: “I am with you always, until the end of the age (Matthew 28:20).”
 
 We read in St. Paul’s Letter to the Colossians: “If then you were raised with Christ, seek what is above, where Christ is seated at the right of God. Think of what is above, not of what is on earth. For you have died and your life is hidden with Christ in God. When Christ our life appears, then you too will appear with him in glory” (Colossians 3:1-4).
 
 Just as his Resurrection is our introduction to eternal life believing in him, so too his Ascension is our path to eternal glory. The Ascension prepared the Church for the presence of his Holy Spirit, his promised Advocate, on Pentecost, ten days later.
 
 With that in mind, St. Augustine explained: “For just as he remained with us even after his Ascension, so we too are already in heaven with him ... While in heaven he is also with us; and we, while on earth, are with him. He is here with us by his divinity, his power and his love. We cannot be in heaven, as he is on earth, but in him, we can be there by love ... Out of compassion for us he descended from heaven, and although he ascended alone, we also ascend, because we are in him by grace” (Augustine, “Sermon on the Ascension of the Lord”).
 
 For us as Catholics and for all Christians, the Solemnity of the Ascension – whether celebrated on Thursday of the sixth week after Easter  or the following Sunday – offers us hope that the heavenly Christ will return to us in glory, that his Holy Spirit will remain with us now and always as we proclaim his love and mercy and truth, and that, through our faith, we will be his witnesses “until the end of the age.”